📔 Journal & Diary Writing — the format

Record what happened and, more importantly, what the writer now makes of it.

Writing for: Yourself. Nothing needs explaining for a stranger's benefit — which is exactly what students forget.

Register: Informal

Length: Usually 200–350 words.

Audience: Yourself

The format, in order

  1. 1

    Date

    Top of the entry. Some tasks also want a day or time.

    Tuesday 14 March

  2. 2

    Opening

    Drop straight into the feeling or event. No formal introduction.

    I still can't quite believe what happened at the trials today.

  3. 3

    What happened

    The events, selectively — only what matters to how you feel about them.

  4. 4

    Reflection

    The heart of the task. What it meant, what you would do differently, what you now suspect about yourself.

  5. 5

    Looking ahead

    A hope, a worry, or a resolution for tomorrow.

What the marks are for

Content

  • ✓Genuine reflection, not just a sequence of events
  • ✓A consistent, believable voice
  • ✓Specific detail rather than generalised feeling
  • ✓Private register — written for no one else

Language

  • ✓Informal, personal register with contractions
  • ✓Varied sentence structure, including fragments for effect
  • ✓Past tense for events, present for reflection
  • ✓Emotional vocabulary that is precise rather than extreme

What loses marks

  • ✗Pure chronology — 'then I… then I…' with no reflection, which caps the content mark
  • ✗Explaining background as if a stranger will read it
  • ✗Formal register, which breaks the form entirely
  • ✗Forgetting the date
  • ✗Extreme emotional vocabulary in every sentence, which flattens the effect

Phrases that work

  • I can't stop thinking about…
  • Looking back, I probably should have…
  • What really got to me was…
  • I keep wondering whether…
  • Tomorrow I'm going to…

Before you hand it in

0 / 8
Command words cheat sheet

Study notes on the Learning Portal

Where this is examined

  • · Cambridge IGCSE First Language English (0500) — directed writing
  • · Cambridge IGCSE ESL (0510)
  • · Cambridge O Level English Language (1123)

Word counts, paper numbers and mark allocations are set by the syllabus for your session and change between series. Always check your current syllabus and your teacher's guidance before relying on a length or a mark split given here.

Other writing formats

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