Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 0580: Frequent mistakes

Cambridge Principal Examiner Reports for Mathematics 0580 highlight recurring topic-specific errors and exam technique issues. Avoiding these protects your marks.

General exam technique

Not reading questions carefully

Candidates miss key words (e.g. “greatest”, “least”, “between”) or instructions. They answer a different question or give the wrong format.

Fix: Underline key words. Check: form (fraction, decimal, percentage?), accuracy (dp, sf?), units.

Not showing working

Method marks are awarded for correct steps. No working means one arithmetic error costs all marks. Calculator-only answers with no evidence often score zero if wrong.

Fix: Show every step. Even “obvious” steps. Write down formulae before substituting.

Answer format and context

Answers in wrong form (e.g. fraction when decimal asked); not checking if the answer makes sense; wrong units.

Fix: Re-read: “Give your answer as…” Check units. Does the answer fit the context?

Topic-specific mistakes

Perimeter vs. area

Confusing area (squares inside) with perimeter (distance around). Missing sides when calculating perimeter; arithmetic errors.

Fix: Perimeter = sum of all sides. Area = space inside. For compound shapes, identify all lengths.

Symmetry

For “order of rotational symmetry”, candidates draw lines of symmetry or give angles instead of a number (e.g. 2, 3, 4).

Fix: Order of rotational symmetry = number of times shape matches itself in a full turn. Not the same as line symmetry.

Stem-and-leaf diagrams

Forgetting to include the stem when reading values. Listing all numbers individually instead of using the diagram.

Fix: Stem | Leaf. 3|5 means 35 (or 3.5, depending on key). Check the key for units.

Probability

Giving whole numbers or ratios instead of fractions (or decimals). Probabilities greater than 1. Wrong use of expected value (e.g. multiplying when dividing needed).

Fix: Probability = 0 to 1. Use fractions (e.g. 3/10) or decimals. Expected value = Σ(x × P(x)).

Time

Struggling with subtracting time (e.g. hours and minutes). Wrong format (e.g. “610” instead of “6:10” or “10:10”).

Fix: Convert to minutes if needed. 1h 30min − 45min = 90 − 45 = 45 min. Use 24-hour or 12-hour consistently.

Conversions

Not knowing conversion factors (km to m, cm to m, etc.). Wrong placement when ordering (e.g. 37% in wrong position among fractions and decimals).

Fix: 1 km = 1000 m. 1 m = 100 cm. Convert all to same form before ordering.

Rounding

Uncertainty about “round to nearest 10” (e.g. 847 → 850, not 847 or 8500). Confusion between significant figures and decimal places.

Fix: Nearest 10: look at units digit. 5+ → round up. Know the difference between sf and dp.

Geometric construction

Erasing construction arcs (examiners need to see them). Not using compasses; wrong measurements (e.g. 1 cm out).

Fix: Leave construction arcs visible. Use sharp pencil, compasses, ruler. Check lengths.

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Based on Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 0580 Principal Examiner Reports (2019–2022).