Mitosis vs Meiosis IGCSE: Differences, Stages and Exam Tips
Mitosis vs meiosis is one of the most searched IGCSE Biology topics because the two types of cell division are often compared in tables and “state the difference” questions. You need to know what each does, number of divisions and cells, chromosome number (diploid/haploid), and where they occur.
Quick Comparison
| Mitosis | Meiosis | |
|---|---|---|
| Purpose | Growth, repair, asexual reproduction | Production of gametes (sexual reproduction) |
| Divisions | 1 | 2 |
| Daughter cells | 2 (identical) | 4 (genetically different) |
| Chromosome number | Same as parent (diploid → diploid) | Halved (diploid → haploid) |
| Where | Body cells | Reproductive organs (e.g. testes, ovaries) |
Learn the stages (e.g. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) for both so you can describe or order them if asked.
How to Answer Exam Questions
- State the difference – Use the table above; be precise (e.g. “mitosis produces two identical cells; meiosis produces four genetically different cells”).
- Explain why – e.g. “meiosis halves chromosome number so that when gametes fuse the zygote has the correct number.”
- Diagrams – Label chromosomes and nuclei if you have to draw or interpret stages.
Tutopiya’s Biology tutors can help you with mitosis vs meiosis and genetics links for full marks.
Exam-Style Questions and Revision Tips
You may be asked to state the difference (use a table: purpose, number of divisions, cells, chromosome number, where it occurs), explain why meiosis produces genetically different cells (crossing over, independent assortment), or identify which process is in a diagram. Common mistakes: Saying mitosis produces gametes or meiosis produces two cells; wrong chromosome number; not linking meiosis to sexual reproduction and variation. Revise the stages for both so you can describe or order them if asked.
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