IB MYP Language Acquisition: Command terms

IB MYP Language Acquisition (Phases 1–6) uses MYP command terms from the Language Acquisition guide. On-screen examinations and criterion-based tasks use terms such as Identify, Describe, Explain, Discuss and Evaluate. Source: MYP Language Acquisition guide

Key command terms for Language Acquisition

Command term	Definition	What to do
State	Give a specific name, value or brief answer without explanation	Short, direct.
Identify	Provide an answer from possibilities; recognise and state briefly	Pick out; name.
Describe	Give a detailed account or picture	Account of content/features.
Explain	Give a detailed account including reasons or causes	Reasons; “because”.
Outline	Give a brief account or summary	Main points only.
Summarize	Abstract a general theme or major point(s)	Key points; no detail.
Discuss	Offer a considered and balanced review with range of arguments, supported by evidence	Both sides; conclusion.
Evaluate	Make an appraisal by weighing up strengths and limitations	Judgement with evidence.
Examine	Consider in a way that uncovers assumptions and interrelationships	Unpack; analyse.
Interpret	Use knowledge to recognise trends and draw conclusions	Draw meaning.
Justify	Give valid reasons or evidence to support	Back up with evidence.
Organize	Put ideas and information into proper or systematic order	Structure; logical order.
Present	Offer for display, observation or consideration	Present clearly.
Synthesize	Combine different ideas to create new understanding	Combine; create.
Use	Apply knowledge or rules	Apply in context.
Find	Obtain an answer showing relevant stages	Show working.
Demonstrate	Make clear by reasoning or evidence, illustrating with examples	Prove with examples.

Note: “Communicate” is an overarching aim in Language Acquisition; for Criterion C (speaking), it refers to giving messages through speech.

MYP Language Acquisition criteria

• Criterion A: Listening—Comprehending spoken and visual text
• Criterion B: Reading—Comprehending written and visual text
• Criterion C: Speaking—Communicating in response to spoken and/or written text
• Criterion D: Writing—Communicating in response to spoken and/or written text

Command terms appear in comprehension questions (A, B) and in tasks requiring analysis, evaluation and discussion.

Tips for Language Acquisition

1. Identify—short answer; pick from text
2. Describe—what is said/shown; no interpretation
3. Explain—reasons; causes; “because”
4. Discuss—multiple perspectives; conclusion
5. Evaluate—strengths and limitations; judgement
6. Support with evidence—quote or refer to text

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Based on MYP Language Acquisition guide (for use from September 2020/January 2021).