Extended writing at A-level

Evaluate, Assess and Discuss are higher-order command words used for extended responses. At A-level, these questions carry significantly more marks than at IGCSE. Examiners use levels-based marking—your answer is judged against descriptors for overall quality. Many students lose marks by:

• Giving one-sided answers when balance is required
• Stating facts without judging or concluding
• Failing to support views with evidence
• Writing insufficient depth for the mark allocation

Evaluate

Cambridge: Judge or calculate the quality, importance, amount or value
Edexcel: Look at information; make a decision with evidence

Weigh up different aspects, make a judgement, and back it up with evidence. You must reach a conclusion. At A-level, expect to write several developed paragraphs.

Structure: Consider different aspects → Use evidence → Make clear judgement → Support conclusion with reasons.

Assess

Cambridge: Make an informed judgement
Edexcel: Pick out important parts; come to a conclusion

Select the most important factors, weigh them up, and come to a reasoned conclusion. Similar to Evaluate, with emphasis on prioritising what matters most.

Structure: Identify key factors → Prioritise → Consider different angles → Reach conclusion with justification.

Discuss

Cambridge: Write about issue(s) or topic(s) in depth in a structured way
Edexcel: Explore all aspects; investigate; come to a conclusion

Explore different sides of an issue or argument, consider different viewpoints, and end with a conclusion. At A-level, this is a mini-essay.

Structure: Introduce issue → Explore different aspects → Use evidence → Reach conclusion.

A-level: levels-based marking

For these command words, examiners use levels or bands:

• Top level: Balanced argument, clear conclusion, strong use of evidence, developed analysis
• Middle level: Some balance, conclusion present but less developed
• Lower level: One-sided, vague, or no conclusion

Tips:

1. Match depth to marks—8 marks means substantial development
2. Plan before writing (e.g. 2–3 points for, 2–3 against, conclusion)
3. Link each point to the question
4. End with a clear conclusion—essential for top levels

How Tutopiya helps

Tutopiya tutors practise extended writing with A-level past papers and mark schemes. Explore A-level resources or book a free trial.

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Based on Cambridge International and Pearson Edexcel command word definitions.

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