Pearson Edexcel · IGCSE · 4BS0
Business Studies — Keywords & Key Terms — Definitions Glossary (2026)
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Business (4BS0)
Topic-by-topic keywords, key terms and definitions for precise exam language—separate from our revision checklists (topic coverage) and formula sheets (equations).
Keywords & Key Terms — definitions
Examiner-style keywords and definitions organised by syllabus topic. Terms are tagged Essential (start here), Core (typical exam standard), and Advanced for harder distinctions — tick each row when you can recall it. Your progress is saved in this browser for this list.
Pearson Edexcel IGCSE Business Studies (4BS0)
Pearson Edexcel IGCSE Business Studies (4BS0)
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Business (4BS0)
Aligned to Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Business (4BS0) for 2026: enterprise, small business, marketing, finance, operations, human resources, and external environment in a global context.
Mark schemes: Application to the case business is essential — quote or paraphrase stem data. Calculations: show formula and substitution. Long answers: chains of reasoning plus judgement where the question asks for evaluation. Recent examiner reports stress using data from appendices.
Active recall: 0 / 18 terms ticked
| Recalled | Topic | Level | Keyword | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enterprise & business organisation | Essential | Entrepreneur | Person who starts and runs a business, bearing risk. | |
| Enterprise & business organisation | Core | Sole trader | Single owner; unlimited liability. | |
| Enterprise & business organisation | Core | Partnership | Two or more owners; deed sets profit share. | |
| Enterprise & business organisation | Core | Private limited company (Ltd) | Limited liability; shares not sold to public. | |
| Enterprise & business organisation | Core | Public limited company (plc) | Shares traded on stock exchange. | |
| Enterprise & business organisation | Advanced | Stakeholder conflict | e.g. shareholders vs employees — trade-offs. | |
| Marketing & customers | Core | Customer needs vs wants | Essential requirements vs desires. | |
| Marketing & customers | Core | Market segment | Subgroup with common characteristics. | |
| Marketing & customers | Core | Unique selling point (USP) | Feature differentiating product. | |
| Marketing & customers | Core | Pricing strategies | Penetration, skimming, competitive, psychological. | |
| Marketing & customers | Core | Distribution channel | How product reaches consumer — direct vs indirect. | |
| Marketing & customers | Advanced | E-commerce | Online trading — global reach, lower overheads, security issues. | |
| Finance & operations | Core | Sources of finance | Internal vs external; short vs long term. | |
| Finance & operations | Core | Cash-flow forecast | Predicts inflows and outflows over time. | |
| Finance & operations | Core | Break-even chart | Fixed/variable costs vs revenue — break-even output. | |
| Finance & operations | Core | Stock control | JIT vs buffer stock — cost vs availability. | |
| Finance & operations | Core | Quality | Meeting customer specification — TQM ideas. | |
| Finance & operations | Advanced | Productivity | Output per worker or per hour — efficiency measure. |
Pair this with our revision checklists, formula sheets hub and past paper finder.
Business Studies (4BS0) — Keywords & Key Terms FAQ
- What is on this Pearson Edexcel IGCSE Business Studies keywords and key terms list?
- It is a topic-organised glossary of important business studies terms with short, exam-style definitions aligned to Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Business (4BS0) (4BS0). It is designed for “define”, “state”, “outline” and “explain” questions where precise vocabulary earns marks.
- How should I use this Business Studies glossary alongside past papers?
- Tick terms when you can recall them without reading the answer, then check your wording against mark schemes. Pair vocabulary practice with past papers for IGCSE Business Studies (4BS0) so you apply terms in context.
- Is this the same as a revision checklist or a formula sheet?
- No. Revision checklists help you track which syllabus topics you have covered and your confidence—separate pages on Tutopiya. Formula sheets summarise equations and quantitative relationships. This page is only a definitions and key-terms glossary for Business Studies.
- Can I download this Business Studies keywords and key terms list for free?
- Yes. After a quick free sign-up you can download a UTF-8 CSV (opens in Excel or Google Sheets) or open a print-friendly page and save as PDF. Browsing the list on the page is free.
- Is this Business Studies list aligned to the 4BS0 specification?
- Topic groupings and wording follow Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Business (4BS0) for Pearson Edexcel IGCSE. Always confirm final learning objectives and any regional options in your official specification and recent examiner reports for your exam session.
- Why focus on definitions instead of full notes?
- Mark schemes reward correct technical terms and clear links between ideas. A compact glossary lets you drill the exact language examiners expect for Business Studies at IGCSE, separate from longer notes or topic trackers.