Study Notes
Human activities have significantly impacted the interactions between organisms and ecosystems, often leading to negative consequences. Sustainability — living within the means of nature to ensure resources for future generations. Example: Using renewable energy sources to reduce pollution. Invasive Species — non-native species introduced to an ecosystem, often outcompeting native species. Example: Kudzu vine in the United States. Pollution — contamination of the environment by harmful substances. Example: Oil spills affecting marine life. Global Warming — increase in Earth's temperature due to greenhouse gases. Example: Melting polar ice caps. Conservation — efforts to protect and preserve biodiversity. Example: Breeding endangered species in captivity. Pathogens — microorganisms that cause disease in humans. Example: Influenza virus causing flu.
Exam Tips
Key Definitions to Remember
- Sustainability
- Invasive Species
- Pollution
- Global Warming
- Conservation
- Pathogens
Common Confusions
- Confusing invasive species with native species
- Misunderstanding the difference between in-situ and ex-situ conservation
Typical Exam Questions
- What is sustainability? Living within the means of nature to ensure resources for future generations.
- How do invasive species affect ecosystems? They compete with native species for resources, often leading to a decline in native populations.
- What are the effects of global warming? Increased temperatures, melting ice caps, and rising sea levels.
What Examiners Usually Test
- Understanding of human impacts on ecosystems
- Examples of conservation methods
- Effects of pollution on the environment