Summary
Materials made from substances in the Earth include polymers, ceramics, and composites. Each has unique properties and uses in various applications.
- Polymers — substances with a molecular structure of repeated units. Example: Plastics and resins.
- Ceramics — inorganic, non-metallic solids made by heating and cooling. Example: Bricks and tiles.
- Composites — combinations of materials with enhanced properties. Example: Reinforced concrete and glass reinforced plastic.
Exam Tips
Key Definitions to Remember
- Polymers: Substances with repeated molecular units.
- Ceramics: Inorganic, non-metallic solids made by heat.
- Composites: Materials made from two or more combined materials.
Common Confusions
- Confusing natural and synthetic polymers.
- Misunderstanding the brittleness of ceramics.
Typical Exam Questions
- What are polymers? Substances with a molecular structure of repeated units.
- How are ceramics made? By heating and cooling inorganic, non-metallic solids.
- Why are composites used? For their enhanced physical properties and moldability.
What Examiners Usually Test
- Differences between natural and synthetic polymers.
- Properties and uses of ceramics.
- Advantages of using composites over individual materials.