Transition Metals and Organic Nitrogen Chemistry

Worked examples (8)

• 1Conditions in the standard hydrogen electrode (2 marks)
• 2Writing a conventional cell diagram (2 marks)
• 3Calculating E°cell from two electrode potentials (2 marks)
• 4Predicting feasibility and writing the overall equation (4 marks)
• 5Why an E° prediction can fail — concentration (4 marks)
• 6Hydrogen–oxygen fuel cell electrode half-equations (4 marks)
• 7Predicting disproportionation of Cu⁺ from E° values (5 marks)
• 8Manganate(VII) titration — concentration of Fe²⁺ (6 marks)

Model answers (9)

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• ✓Model answer 6
• ✓Model answer — Adapted from Edexcel IAL Chemistry Unit 5 (CP13a)
• ✓Model answer — Adapted from Edexcel IAL Chemistry Unit 5 (CP13b)
• ✓Model answer 9

Worked examples (8)

• 1Classifying amines as primary, secondary or tertiary (2 marks)
• 2Preparing ethylamine from a halogenoalkane (3 marks)
• 3Deducing the product of an acyl chloride with ammonia (2 marks)
• 4Explaining why ethylamine is a stronger base than ammonia (4 marks)
• 5Drawing the zwitterion and predicting the form at a given pH (4 marks)
• 6Calculating an Rf value in amino-acid chromatography (3 marks)
• 7Preparing phenylamine and explaining why it is a weak base (6 marks)
• 8Peptide-bond formation and hydrolysis of a dipeptide (5 marks)

Model answers (9)

• ✓Model answer 1
• ✓Model answer 2
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• ✓Model answer 8
• ✓Model answer 9

Worked examples (8)

• 1Naming aromatic compounds (2 marks)
• 2Describing the delocalised structure of benzene (3 marks)
• 3Why benzene undergoes substitution, not addition (2 marks)
• 4Nitration of benzene — electrophile and mechanism (4 marks)
• 5Enthalpy of hydrogenation as evidence for delocalisation (4 marks)
• 6Friedel–Crafts acylation — electrophile and mechanism (6 marks)
• 7Phenol vs benzene with bromine (6 marks)
• 8General electrophilic substitution vs alkene addition (5 marks)

Model answers (9)

• ✓Model answer 1
• ✓Model answer 2
• ✓Model answer 3
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• ✓Model answer 6
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• ✓Model answer 8
• ✓Model answer 9

Worked examples (8)

• 1Reagents and conditions for a one-step conversion (2 marks)
• 2Devising a short route: propene → propanone (3 marks)
• 3Extending the carbon chain by one carbon (4 marks)
• 4Purifying a solid by recrystallisation and checking purity (4 marks)
• 5Percentage yield for a two-step synthesis (4 marks)
• 6Atom economy and green judgement for aspirin (5 marks)
• 7Planning a route by working backwards (6 marks)
• 8Fixing the target from spectra, then planning its preparation (6 marks)

Model answers (9)

• ✓Model answer 1
• ✓Model answer 2
• ✓Model answer 3
• ✓Model answer 4
• ✓Model answer 5
• ✓Model answer 6
• ✓Model answer 7
• ✓Model answer — Adapted from Edexcel IAL Chemistry Unit 5
• ✓Model answer — Adapted from Edexcel IAL Chemistry Unit 5