Pearson Edexcel · A Level · 9BS0
Business — Keywords & Key Terms — Definitions Glossary (2026)
Pearson Edexcel A Level Business (9BS0)
Topic-by-topic keywords, key terms and definitions for precise exam language—separate from our revision checklists (topic coverage) and formula sheets (equations).
Keywords & Key Terms — definitions
Examiner-style keywords and definitions organised by syllabus topic. Terms are tagged Essential (start here), Core (typical exam standard), and Advanced for harder distinctions — tick each row when you can recall it. Your progress is saved in this browser for this list.
Pearson Edexcel A Level Business (9BS0)
Pearson Edexcel A Level Business (9BS0)
Pearson Edexcel A Level Business (9BS0)
Pearson Edexcel 9BS0 (2026) covers marketing and people (Theme 1), managing business activities (Theme 2), business decisions and strategy (Theme 3), and global business (Theme 4) — assessed through three papers blending case studies, quantitative analysis, and evaluative judgement.
Mark schemes: Pearson levels-based marking rewards 'chains of reasoning' (cause → effect → context) and balanced evaluation weighted by stakeholder, time horizon, and business size. Quantitative answers must show the formula, substitution, and answer with units. Top bands require contextualised judgement linked to the named case business, not generic textbook theory.
Active recall: 0 / 19 terms ticked
| Recalled | Topic | Level | Keyword | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marketing & finance | Essential | Marketing mix (4Ps) | Product, price, place, and promotion combined to meet customer needs profitably. | |
| Marketing & finance | Core | Market segmentation | Dividing a market by demographic, geographic, psychographic, or behavioural traits. | |
| Marketing & finance | Advanced | Boston (BCG) matrix | Portfolio analysis classifying products as stars, cash cows, question marks, or dogs. | |
| Marketing & finance | Core | ROCE | Return on capital employed: operating profit divided by capital employed, expressed as a percentage. | |
| Marketing & finance | Advanced | Gearing ratio | Long-term debt divided by total capital employed, indicating financial risk and reliance on borrowing. | |
| Marketing & finance | Core | Break-even point | Output level where total revenue equals total costs, giving zero profit or loss. | |
| Marketing & finance | Advanced | NPV and IRR | NPV discounts future cash flows to today's value; IRR is the discount rate at which NPV equals zero. | |
| Strategic management | Core | SWOT and PESTLE | Internal strengths/weaknesses paired with external political, economic, social, technological, legal, environmental scans. | |
| Strategic management | Core | Porter's five forces | Competitive analysis: rivalry, new entrants, substitutes, buyer power, and supplier power. | |
| Strategic management | Core | Ansoff matrix | Four growth strategies: market penetration, market development, product development, diversification. | |
| Strategic management | Advanced | Decision trees | Probability-weighted EMV calculations comparing the expected outcomes of strategic options. | |
| HR & operations | Core | Maslow's hierarchy | Five-level needs pyramid from physiological to self-actualisation guiding workplace motivation. | |
| HR & operations | Core | Herzberg's two-factor theory | Hygiene factors prevent dissatisfaction while motivators drive genuine job satisfaction. | |
| HR & operations | Core | Lean production | Operations philosophy minimising waste through JIT, Kaizen, and continuous improvement. | |
| HR & operations | Advanced | Greiner's growth model | Six phases of organisational growth, each ending in a crisis requiring structural change. | |
| Globalisation | Core | Globalisation | Increased integration of national economies through trade, capital, technology, and labour flows. | |
| Globalisation | Advanced | Multinational corporations (MNCs) | Firms with operations across multiple countries balancing global scale and local responsiveness. | |
| Globalisation | Advanced | Hofstede's cultural dimensions | Framework comparing national cultures across power distance, individualism, and uncertainty avoidance. | |
| Globalisation | Core | Exchange rate impact | A stronger currency makes exports dearer (SPICED) and imports cheaper, affecting trade competitiveness. |
Pair this with our revision checklists, formula sheets hub and past paper finder.
Business (9BS0) — Keywords & Key Terms FAQ
- What is on this Pearson Edexcel A Level Business keywords and key terms list?
- It is a topic-organised glossary of important business terms with short, exam-style definitions aligned to Pearson Edexcel A Level Business (9BS0) (9BS0). It is designed for “define”, “state”, “outline” and “explain” questions where precise vocabulary earns marks.
- How should I use this Business glossary alongside past papers?
- Tick terms when you can recall them without reading the answer, then check your wording against mark schemes. Pair vocabulary practice with past papers for A Level Business (9BS0) so you apply terms in context.
- Is this the same as a revision checklist or a formula sheet?
- No. Revision checklists help you track which syllabus topics you have covered and your confidence—separate pages on Tutopiya. Formula sheets summarise equations and quantitative relationships. This page is only a definitions and key-terms glossary for Business.
- Can I download this Business keywords and key terms list for free?
- Yes. After a quick free sign-up you can download a UTF-8 CSV (opens in Excel or Google Sheets) or open a print-friendly page and save as PDF. Browsing the list on the page is free.
- Is this Business list aligned to the 9BS0 specification?
- Topic groupings and wording follow Pearson Edexcel A Level Business (9BS0) for Pearson Edexcel A Level. Always confirm final learning objectives and any regional options in your official specification and recent examiner reports for your exam session.
- Why focus on definitions instead of full notes?
- Mark schemes reward correct technical terms and clear links between ideas. A compact glossary lets you drill the exact language examiners expect for Business at A Level, separate from longer notes or topic trackers.