Pearson Edexcel · IGCSE · 4MA1
Mathematics — Keywords & Key Terms — Definitions Glossary (2026)
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Mathematics A (4MA1)
Topic-by-topic keywords, key terms and definitions for precise exam language—separate from our revision checklists (topic coverage) and formula sheets (equations).
Keywords & Key Terms — definitions
Examiner-style keywords and definitions organised by syllabus topic. Terms are tagged Essential (start here), Core (typical exam standard), and Advanced for harder distinctions — tick each row when you can recall it. Your progress is saved in this browser for this list.
Pearson Edexcel IGCSE Mathematics (4MA1)
Pearson Edexcel IGCSE Mathematics (4MA1)
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Mathematics A (4MA1)
Aligned to Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Mathematics A (4MA1) Higher tier content overview for 2026 papers (1H/2H). Foundation tier (1F/2F) covers a subset — check your tier.
Mark schemes: Method marks reward a correct approach; accuracy marks need the required rounding or exact form. Show algebraic steps where the question requires working to be seen.
Active recall: 0 / 27 terms ticked
| Recalled | Topic | Level | Keyword | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number & algebra (International GCSE A) | Essential | Prime number | Whole number >1 with exactly two factors. | |
| Number & algebra (International GCSE A) | Core | HCF and LCM | Highest common factor; lowest common multiple. | |
| Number & algebra (International GCSE A) | Core | Standard form | a × 10ⁿ with 1 ≤ a < 10. | |
| Number & algebra (International GCSE A) | Core | Index laws | Multiply/add indices; divide/subtract; power to power multiply. | |
| Number & algebra (International GCSE A) | Core | Surds | Simplify √a × √b = √(ab); rationalise denominators when required. | |
| Number & algebra (International GCSE A) | Core | Linear & quadratic equations | Solve by factorising, formula or completing the square. | |
| Number & algebra (International GCSE A) | Advanced | Simultaneous equations | Two equations, two unknowns — substitution or elimination. | |
| Number & algebra (International GCSE A) | Core | Inequalities | Solve and represent on number line; careful with negative multiplier. | |
| Number & algebra (International GCSE A) | Core | Sequences | nth term linear and quadratic patterns. | |
| Graphs & functions | Essential | Gradient | Change in y ÷ change in x. | |
| Graphs & functions | Core | y = mx + c | Straight-line equation; m gradient, c intercept. | |
| Graphs & functions | Core | Parallel / perpendicular | Same gradient vs product −1. | |
| Graphs & functions | Core | Quadratic graphs | Parabola; roots where y = 0. | |
| Graphs & functions | Advanced | Graphical inequalities | Regions on a coordinate grid. | |
| Ratio, proportion & rates | Essential | Ratio | Comparison of parts (a : b). | |
| Ratio, proportion & rates | Core | Direct proportion | y = kx — graph through origin. | |
| Ratio, proportion & rates | Core | Inverse proportion | y = k/x — product constant. | |
| Ratio, proportion & rates | Core | Compound measures | Speed, density, pressure — consistent units essential. | |
| Ratio, proportion & rates | Core | Percentage change | Increase/decrease relative to original. | |
| Geometry, probability & statistics | Essential | Pythagoras | Right-angled triangle: a² + b² = c². | |
| Geometry, probability & statistics | Core | Trigonometry (SOH CAH TOA) | Ratios in right-angled triangles. | |
| Geometry, probability & statistics | Core | Sine and cosine rules | Non-right triangles. | |
| Geometry, probability & statistics | Core | Circle theorems | Angles in same segment; angle at centre vs circumference. | |
| Geometry, probability & statistics | Core | Tree diagrams | Multiply along branches for combined probabilities. | |
| Geometry, probability & statistics | Core | Venn diagrams | Sets, intersection, union. | |
| Geometry, probability & statistics | Advanced | Histogram | Frequency density = frequency ÷ class width; area = frequency. | |
| Geometry, probability & statistics | Core | Cumulative frequency | Median and quartiles from curve. |
Pair this with our revision checklists, formula sheets hub and past paper finder.
Mathematics (4MA1) — Keywords & Key Terms FAQ
- What is on this Pearson Edexcel IGCSE Mathematics keywords and key terms list?
- It is a topic-organised glossary of important mathematics terms with short, exam-style definitions aligned to Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Mathematics A (4MA1) (4MA1). It is designed for “define”, “state”, “outline” and “explain” questions where precise vocabulary earns marks.
- How should I use this Mathematics glossary alongside past papers?
- Tick terms when you can recall them without reading the answer, then check your wording against mark schemes. Pair vocabulary practice with past papers for IGCSE Mathematics (4MA1) so you apply terms in context.
- Is this the same as a revision checklist or a formula sheet?
- No. Revision checklists help you track which syllabus topics you have covered and your confidence—separate pages on Tutopiya. Formula sheets summarise equations and quantitative relationships. This page is only a definitions and key-terms glossary for Mathematics. Use formula sheets for equations; use this list for precise terms and definitions.
- Can I download this Mathematics keywords and key terms list for free?
- Yes. After a quick free sign-up you can download a UTF-8 CSV (opens in Excel or Google Sheets) or open a print-friendly page and save as PDF. Browsing the list on the page is free.
- Is this Mathematics list aligned to the 4MA1 specification?
- Topic groupings and wording follow Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Mathematics A (4MA1) for Pearson Edexcel IGCSE. Always confirm final learning objectives and any regional options in your official specification and recent examiner reports for your exam session.
- Why focus on definitions instead of full notes?
- Mark schemes reward correct technical terms and clear links between ideas. A compact glossary lets you drill the exact language examiners expect for Mathematics at IGCSE, separate from longer notes or topic trackers.