Cambridge International · IGCSE · 0450
Business Studies — Keywords & Key Terms — Definitions Glossary (2026)
Cambridge IGCSE Business Studies (0450)
Topic-by-topic keywords, key terms and definitions for precise exam language—separate from our revision checklists (topic coverage) and formula sheets (equations).
Keywords & Key Terms — definitions
Examiner-style keywords and definitions organised by syllabus topic. Terms are tagged Essential (start here), Core (typical exam standard), and Advanced for harder distinctions — tick each row when you can recall it. Your progress is saved in this browser for this list.
Cambridge International IGCSE Business Studies (0450)
Cambridge International IGCSE Business Studies (0450)
Cambridge IGCSE Business Studies (0450)
Aligned to Cambridge IGCSE Business Studies 0450 (2026): understanding business activity, people in business, marketing, operations, finance, external influences and global context.
Mark schemes: Use business terms accurately (e.g. revenue vs profit). Case-study answers must apply concepts to the stem — generic textbook lists alone score poorly. Quantitative questions: show working (ratios, percentages). Examiner reports stress reading the command stem and number of marks.
Active recall: 0 / 25 terms ticked
| Recalled | Topic | Level | Keyword | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Business activity & organisation | Essential | Enterprise | Risk-taking to combine factors of production. | |
| Business activity & organisation | Core | Entrepreneur | Person who organises and runs a business. | |
| Business activity & organisation | Core | Sole trader / partnership / limited company | Ownership forms — liability and capital access. | |
| Business activity & organisation | Core | Multinational corporation | Operates in several countries. | |
| Business activity & organisation | Core | Business plan | Objectives, market, finance — roadmap for start-up. | |
| Business activity & organisation | Advanced | Stakeholder | Individual or group affected by business decisions. | |
| Marketing | Core | Market research | Primary vs secondary data; qualitative vs quantitative. | |
| Marketing | Core | Market segmentation | Dividing market by age, income, geography, lifestyle. | |
| Marketing | Core | Marketing mix (4Ps) | Product, price, place, promotion. | |
| Marketing | Core | Branding | Name, logo, reputation — differentiation. | |
| Marketing | Core | Advertising vs promotion | Paid media vs wider promotional mix. | |
| Marketing | Advanced | Elasticity of demand (business context) | Effect of price change on revenue — qualitative at IGCSE. | |
| Operations & finance | Core | Production methods | Job, batch, flow, mass — flexibility vs unit cost. | |
| Operations & finance | Core | Quality control vs assurance | Inspect output vs build quality into process. | |
| Operations & finance | Core | Working capital | Current assets − current liabilities. | |
| Operations & finance | Core | Cash flow | Timing of inflows and outflows — liquidity. | |
| Operations & finance | Core | Profit | Revenue − total costs. | |
| Operations & finance | Core | Break-even | Output where total revenue = total cost. | |
| Operations & finance | Advanced | Gross profit margin | Gross profit ÷ revenue × 100%. | |
| People & external influences | Core | Recruitment & selection | Job analysis → advertising → interview. | |
| People & external influences | Core | Training & development | Induction, on-the-job, off-the-job. | |
| People & external influences | Core | Motivation theories | Taylor, Maslow, Herzberg — simplified applications. | |
| People & external influences | Core | Business ethics | Fair trade, environment, stakeholders. | |
| People & external influences | Core | Legal constraints | Health & safety, employment law — overview. | |
| People & external influences | Advanced | Globalisation | Trade barriers falling; supply chains span countries. |
Pair this with our revision checklists, formula sheets hub and past paper finder.
Business Studies (0450) — Keywords & Key Terms FAQ
- What is on this Cambridge International IGCSE Business Studies keywords and key terms list?
- It is a topic-organised glossary of important business studies terms with short, exam-style definitions aligned to Cambridge IGCSE Business Studies (0450) (0450). It is designed for “define”, “state”, “outline” and “explain” questions where precise vocabulary earns marks.
- How should I use this Business Studies glossary alongside past papers?
- Tick terms when you can recall them without reading the answer, then check your wording against mark schemes. Pair vocabulary practice with past papers for IGCSE Business Studies (0450) so you apply terms in context.
- Is this the same as a revision checklist or a formula sheet?
- No. Revision checklists help you track which syllabus topics you have covered and your confidence—separate pages on Tutopiya. Formula sheets summarise equations and quantitative relationships. This page is only a definitions and key-terms glossary for Business Studies.
- Can I download this Business Studies keywords and key terms list for free?
- Yes. After a quick free sign-up you can download a UTF-8 CSV (opens in Excel or Google Sheets) or open a print-friendly page and save as PDF. Browsing the list on the page is free.
- Is this Business Studies list aligned to the 0450 specification?
- Topic groupings and wording follow Cambridge IGCSE Business Studies (0450) for Cambridge International IGCSE. Always confirm final learning objectives and any regional options in your official specification and recent examiner reports for your exam session.
- Why focus on definitions instead of full notes?
- Mark schemes reward correct technical terms and clear links between ideas. A compact glossary lets you drill the exact language examiners expect for Business Studies at IGCSE, separate from longer notes or topic trackers.