Fractions

Summary and Exam Tips for Fractions

Fractions is a subtopic of Numbers, which falls under the subject Mathematics in the IB MYP curriculum. Fractions can be visually represented by dividing a shape into equal parts and shading some of these parts. Equivalent fractions represent the same value, such as $\frac{2}{6} = \frac{1}{3}$. Mixed numbers combine whole numbers and fractions, e.g., $7 \frac{1}{2}$. Improper fractions have numerators larger than denominators, indicating values greater than 1, like $\frac{7}{4}$.

To convert mixed numbers to improper fractions, use the M.A.D method: Multiply the denominator by the whole number, Add the numerator, and Divide by the denominator. Conversely, improper fractions can be expressed as mixed numbers by dividing the numerator by the denominator.

When comparing fractions, if denominators are the same, the fraction with the larger numerator is greater. If numerators are the same, the fraction with the smaller denominator is greater. For different numerators and denominators, convert to equivalent fractions for comparison.

Addition and subtraction of fractions require a common denominator. For example, $\frac{1}{3} + \frac{5}{6} = \frac{7}{6} = 1 \frac{1}{6}$. Practice problems help solidify understanding and application of these concepts.

Exam Tips

• Visualize Fractions: Use diagrams to understand and compare fractions effectively.
• Master Equivalent Fractions: Practice converting fractions to their simplest form to recognize equivalencies quickly.
• Practice Conversions: Regularly convert between mixed numbers and improper fractions using the M.A.D method.
• Common Denominators: Always find a common denominator for addition and subtraction to simplify calculations.
• Comparison Techniques: Use equivalent fractions to compare fractions with different numerators and denominators efficiently.

These strategies will enhance your understanding and performance in exams on fractions.