Study Notes
Climate change is significantly influenced by greenhouse gases, with carbon dioxide and water vapour being the most impactful. Water Vapour — created via evaporation and transpiration, removed by precipitation. Example: Clouds forming from ocean evaporation. Carbon Dioxide — produced by cell respiration and burning fossil fuels, removed by photosynthesis and ocean absorption. Example: Emissions from cars and factories. Methane — emitted from waterlogged habitats and ruminants, less impactful than CO2. Example: Methane from cattle digestion. Nitrogen Oxides — produced by burning fossil fuels and using fertilizers, less impactful than CO2. Example: Emissions from car exhausts. Greenhouse Effect — the process by which greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere. Example: Earth's atmosphere acting like a greenhouse, retaining heat.
Exam Tips
Key Definitions to Remember
- Greenhouse gases
- Greenhouse effect
- Albedo
Common Confusions
- Difference between weather and climate
- The role of different greenhouse gases
Typical Exam Questions
- What are the main greenhouse gases? Water vapour and carbon dioxide.
- How does the greenhouse effect work? Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere.
- What is the impact of increased carbon dioxide on coral reefs? It leads to ocean acidification and coral bleaching.
What Examiners Usually Test
- Understanding of the greenhouse effect
- The impact of human activities on climate change
- The correlation between carbon dioxide levels and global temperatures