Summary
The nervous system is responsible for coordinating and controlling bodily processes and responses to the environment. It consists of the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), with nerve impulses traveling along neurones to transmit information.
Exam Tips
Key Definitions to Remember
- Neurone: A nerve cell that transmits electrical impulses.
- Action Potential: A rapid change in potential difference across a neuron's membrane.
- Reflex Arc: A pathway that allows for a quick response to stimuli without involving the brain.
Common Confusions
- Confusing the roles of sensory, motor, and relay neurones.
- Misunderstanding the difference between the CNS and PNS.
Typical Exam Questions
- What is the role of myelin in nerve impulse transmission? Myelin insulates axons and allows impulses to travel faster by saltatory conduction.
- How do drugs affect nervous transmission? Drugs can alter nerve impulse generation, propagation, or reception.
- What is the function of the refractory period? It ensures separate, unidirectional action potentials and limits impulse frequency.
What Examiners Usually Test
- Understanding of how nerve impulses are transmitted.
- Differences between types of neurones and their functions.
- Effects of drugs on the nervous system.