What are the elements in Group 1 of the Periodic Table?

Group 1 of the Periodic Table, also known as the alkali metals, includes the elements lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). These elements are characterized by having one electron in their outermost shell, which makes them highly reactive.

Why are Group 1 elements called alkali metals?

Group 1 elements are called alkali metals because they form alkaline solutions when they react with water. This reaction produces a hydroxide and hydrogen gas, resulting in a basic (alkaline) solution. For example, sodium reacts with water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.

How does reactivity change as you move down Group 1 in the Periodic Table?

As you move down Group 1 in the Periodic Table, the reactivity of the alkali metals increases. This is because the outer electron becomes further from the nucleus and is more easily lost, making the element more reactive. For instance, potassium is more reactive than sodium.

What are some common properties of Group 1 elements?

Common properties of Group 1 elements include being soft and having low melting points compared to other metals. They are also highly reactive, especially with water, and have low densities. These metals are shiny when freshly cut but tarnish quickly in air due to oxidation.

How are Group 1 elements stored safely in a laboratory setting?

Group 1 elements are stored under oil in a laboratory setting to prevent them from reacting with moisture and oxygen in the air. This precaution is necessary because these elements are highly reactive and can ignite or explode upon contact with water or air.

Groups in the Periodic TableEdexcel GCSE Combined Science (1SC0)

Group 1

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