Summary
Fungi and bacteria are microorganisms that can only be seen under a microscope. They can be both useful and harmful to humans.
- Fungi — microorganisms that can be seen with the naked eye, such as yeast, mould, and mushrooms. Example: Mould can spoil food but mushrooms can be eaten.
- Bacteria — microorganisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye and act as decomposers. Example: Some bacteria are used in making yogurt, while others can cause food poisoning.
- Decomposer — an organism that feeds on dead matter. Example: Fungi and bacteria break down dead plants and animals.
- Spores — light and tiny reproductive units of fungi. Example: Mushrooms release spores to reproduce.
Exam Tips
Key Definitions to Remember
- Fungi
- Bacteria
- Decomposer
- Spores
Common Confusions
- Not all fungi and bacteria are harmful; some are beneficial.
- Fungi can be seen with the naked eye, but bacteria cannot.
Typical Exam Questions
- What are fungi and bacteria? Fungi and bacteria are microorganisms that can be useful or harmful.
- How do fungi reproduce? Fungi reproduce by releasing spores.
- Why are decomposers important? Decomposers break down dead matter, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.
What Examiners Usually Test
- Differences between fungi and bacteria
- Examples of useful and harmful fungi and bacteria
- The role of decomposers in the ecosystem