Summary
Managing climate change involves both mitigation and adaptation strategies to address and adjust to climate impacts. Mitigation focuses on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, while adaptation involves adjusting to the effects of climate change.
- Mitigation — actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions or enhance carbon sinks. Example: Renewable energy sources like wind and solar power.
- Adaptation — methods to adjust to climate impacts already occurring or anticipated. Example: Building sea walls to protect against rising sea levels.
- Carbon Taxes — economic instruments to reduce emissions by charging fees on greenhouse gas emissions. Example: Sweden's carbon tax has significantly reduced emissions.
- International Climate Agreements — global cooperation frameworks to address climate change. Example: The Paris Agreement aims to limit global warming to below 2°C.
- Climate-Resilient Infrastructure — structures designed to withstand climate impacts. Example: Elevated buildings in flood-prone areas.
- Bangladesh Case Study — illustrates adaptation strategies in a climate-vulnerable nation. Example: Cyclone shelters and floating gardens help manage climate impacts.
Exam Tips
Key Definitions to Remember
- Mitigation: Actions to reduce the causes of climate change.
- Adaptation: Adjusting to the effects of climate change.
- Carbon Taxes: Fees on greenhouse gas emissions to encourage reduction.
Common Confusions
- Confusing mitigation with adaptation.
- Believing adaptation can replace mitigation.
Typical Exam Questions
- What is one advantage and one disadvantage of using carbon taxes to mitigate climate change? Advantage: Encourages cleaner technology. Disadvantage: Can increase costs for businesses.
- Explain two key features of the Paris Agreement. Features: Limiting warming to below 2°C and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).
- Describe two impacts of climate change on Bangladesh. Impacts: Increased flooding and more intense cyclones.
What Examiners Usually Test
- Understanding the difference between mitigation and adaptation.
- Knowledge of specific strategies and examples.
- Ability to evaluate the effectiveness of climate strategies.