Summary
Synthetic polymers are man-made polymers created through chemical processes, often used in various industries due to their versatility and durability.
- Polymer — large molecules made from repeating units called monomers. Example: Poly(ethene) is made from ethene monomers.
- Monomer — a small molecule that can join with others to form a polymer. Example: Ethene is a monomer used to make poly(ethene).
- Addition Polymerization — a process where monomers add together without the loss of any atoms to form a polymer. Example: Poly(ethene) is formed by addition polymerization of ethene.
- Condensation Polymerization — a process where monomers join together with the loss of a small molecule, such as water. Example: Nylon is formed by condensation polymerization of monomers with amine and carboxylic acid groups.
Exam Tips
Key Definitions to Remember
- Polymer: Large molecules made from repeating units called monomers.
- Monomer: A small molecule that can join with others to form a polymer.
- Addition Polymerization: Process where monomers add together without losing atoms.
- Condensation Polymerization: Process where monomers join with the loss of a small molecule.
Common Confusions
- Mixing up addition and condensation polymerization.
- Confusing monomers with polymers.
Typical Exam Questions
- What is a polymer? A large molecule made from repeating units called monomers.
- How is poly(ethene) formed? By addition polymerization of ethene monomers.
- What is the difference between addition and condensation polymerization? Addition polymerization involves no loss of atoms, while condensation polymerization involves the loss of a small molecule.
What Examiners Usually Test
- Understanding of polymerization processes.
- Ability to identify monomers and polymers.
- Differences between addition and condensation polymerization.