Summary
Sexual reproduction in plants involves the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive parts to the female reproductive parts of a flower, leading to fertilization and the formation of seeds.
- Stamen — the male reproductive part of a flower. Example: It consists of the anther and filament.
- Anther — part of the stamen that produces pollen grains. Example: Each anther has 4 pollen sacs.
- Filament — a stalk that holds the anther. Example: It positions the anther to release pollen.
- Pistil — the female reproductive part of a flower. Example: It includes the ovary, style, and stigma.
- Stigma — the part of the pistil where pollen lands. Example: It is sticky to catch pollen grains.
- Ovary — contains ovules where fertilization occurs. Example: The ovary develops into fruit after fertilization.
- Ovule — contains the female gamete. Example: It becomes a seed after fertilization.
- Pollination — transfer of pollen from anther to stigma. Example: Can be self or cross-pollination.
Exam Tips
Key Definitions to Remember
- Stamen
- Anther
- Filament
- Pistil
- Stigma
- Ovary
- Ovule
- Pollination
Common Confusions
- Confusing the roles of stamen and pistil
- Mixing up self-pollination and cross-pollination
Typical Exam Questions
- What is the function of the anther? It produces pollen grains.
- How does cross-pollination occur? Pollen is transferred to the stigma of a different flower.
- What happens after fertilization in plants? The ovule develops into a seed.
What Examiners Usually Test
- Identification of flower parts and their functions
- Differences between self-pollination and cross-pollination
- The process and significance of pollination