Number of Moles
n number of moles, m mass (g), M molar mass (g/mol).
n = m / M AQA GCSE 2025
🧪 AQA GCSE Chemistry Formula Sheet
Essential formulas for atomic structure, quantitative chemistry, chemical changes, and energy changes aligned to AQA GCSE Chemistry (8462) specification.
Quantitative Chemistry Chemical Changes Energy Changes
Master GCSE Chemistry
This formula sheet covers fundamental chemistry relationships from the AQA GCSE Chemistry specification, helping you solve problems involving moles, concentrations, and chemical reactions.
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Mole calculations
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Chemical equations
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Concentration formulas
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Energy changes
Quantitative Chemistry
Understanding moles, concentrations, and chemical calculations.
Concentration (Molarity)
c concentration (mol/dm³), n number of moles, V volume (dm³).
c = n / V Percentage Yield
Actual yield vs theoretical yield from balanced equation.
% Yield = (Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield) × 100% Topic Focus
The Mole Concept
- One mole = 6.02 × 10²³ particles (atoms, molecules, or ions).
- Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance (units: g/mol).
- Use n = m/M to convert between mass and moles in calculations.
Chemical Changes
Balancing equations and calculating quantities in chemical reactions.
Reacting Masses
Use mole ratios from balanced chemical equations.
Step 1: Balance equation. Step 2: Convert masses to moles. Step 3: Use mole ratio. Step 4: Convert back to mass.
Topic Focus
Stoichiometric Calculations
- Always start with a balanced chemical equation.
- Use mole ratios from the equation to find relationships between reactants and products.
- Percentage yield shows how efficient a reaction is (actual vs. theoretical).
Energy Changes
Understanding exothermic and endothermic reactions.
Energy Change
q energy change (J), m mass (g), c specific heat capacity (J/g°C), ΔT temperature change (°C).
q = mcΔT Topic Focus
Energy in Reactions
- Exothermic reactions release energy (negative ΔH); endothermic reactions absorb energy (positive ΔH).
- Use q = mcΔT to calculate energy changes in reactions.
- Energy is conserved in chemical reactions.
How to Use This Formula Sheet
Boost your Cambridge exam confidence with these proven study strategies from our tutoring experts.
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Balance Equations First
Always balance chemical equations before doing stoichiometric calculations. Check atom counts on both sides.
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Check Units
Ensure units are consistent: convert mL to dm³, grams to moles, etc. before calculating.
Excel in AQA GCSE Chemistry
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Formulas align with AQA GCSE Chemistry specification (8462) for UK students.
Always show your working, include units, and check that chemical equations are balanced.